Improvement in drying apparatus



4Sheets-Sheet1. J. BONFIELD.

DRYING APPARATUS. No.185,480., Patented Dec.19, 1876.

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J. BONFIE'LD.

DRYING APPARATUS.

Patented Dec. 19, 1876.

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J. BONFIELD. DRYING APPARATUS.

Patented Dec. 19, 1876.

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J. BONFIELD.

DRYING APPARATUS.

Patented Dec. 19, 1876.

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Uwrrnn STATES To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BONFIELD, of Chicago in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new, useful, and Improved Drying Apparatus for Treating Refuse from Slaughter -Houses for Fertilizing Purposes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents a general plan or top view of a drying apparatus embodying my invention, and Fig. 1 represents a detail section of the conducting-pipe, showing a top view of the receiving-hopper and worm. Fig. 2 represents a side elevation of my said drying apparatus; and Fig. 2 represents a detail section of the conducting-pipe, showing a side Fig. 3 represents an end view of my said drying apparatus. Fig. 4 represents a longitudinal central section of the drying-cylinder; and Fig. 5

represents an enlarged transverse section of the same. Fig. 6 represents an enlarged longi- 1' tudin al central section of the separating-screen and receiving-hopper, showing their connection with the conducting-pipe; and Fig. 7 represents a transverse section of the same. Fig. '8 represents an end view of the hot-air furnace; and Fig. 9 represents a vertical transverse section. Fig. 10 represents -a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 11 represents a sectional plan of the same.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts.

My invention relates to that class of drying apparatus in which the material to be dried is passed through a drying-cylinder and conductingpipe in contact with a current of heated air; and the objects of my invention are'to facilitate the heating of the air, and to so introduce the material into the drying-cylinder and conducting-pipe as to prevent the escape of the volume of heated air. To that end my invention consists in the arrangement of the various parts of said drying apparatus, as is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the drawing, A represents the furnace ypr oper, which is constructed of any suitable PATENT OFFICE.

, JOHN BONFIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRYING APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,480, dated December 19, 1876; application filed October 23, 1876.

material, and with inner walls B and B, so as to form a series of chambers, c, d, and e, the chamber (1 constituting the fire-box. A represents the grate, which is arranged within the fire-box in the usual manner, and so as to form an ash-pit, a, beneath it. as shown in Fig. 10. The arrangement of the chamber 0 is such as to extend over the top and sides of i the fire-box, and communicate with chamber e through a series of fiues, 0, formed in the wall B, as shown in Figs. 9 and 11. (1 represents a series of smoke-flues,which are formed through the wall B at the back of the tire-box, and communicate with chamber 6. f and f are cold-air lines, which are formed through the front wall of the furnace and communicate with the chamber 0, and through said flues a volume of cold air is admitted into said chamber when required. The said flues f and f are provided with suitable doors, so arranged as to admit of being opened and closed at will, and so as to regulate the amount of cold air admitted into the chamber. 0 is an ordinary exhaust-fan, which communicates with chamber 0 of the furnace through pipe 0, and is rotated by means of a belt, (not shown,) which passes around pulley I) and connects with any suitable motor. E is a conducting-pipe, connected to the fan-case, and extends to a point where the dried material is to be deposited. F is the drying-cylinder, which is journaled at its ends upon and around the short stationary cylinders G and G, permanently attached to a suitable frame-work, F, and is so arranged as to freely revolve, and is also supported at a point near its ends upon anti-friction wheels g journaled in suitable boxes attached to the frame. The short cylinders G and G are made open at their inner ends, so as to communicate with the interior of the drying-cylinder, and are closed at their outer ends so as to prevent the escape of any of the material from them. H is a hot-air pipe, which is connected at one end to the conducting-pipe E near the fan-case, and passes centrally through the end-of the cylinder G into and centrally through the drying-cylinder, asshownin Fig. 4, and is supported therein by suitable bearings h, so adjusted as to allow the cylinder to revolve independently of the pipe. That part of the pipe H extending from each other, and are made to rotate by being rotated within the cylinder, and to cause able motor, and by which means a rotary movement is imparted to the said cylinder.

conducting-pipe E. N is the receiving-hopscreen M, and communicating with the entire through the drying-cylinder is perforated, as shown in Fig. 4, so as to allow the volume of heated air within the pipe to escape therefrom laterally into the material in the cylinder, and distribute the air evenly the entire length-ofthe cylinder.

Mounted upon the cylinder G is a hopper, H, arranged to communicate with the interlor of said cylinder. Hinged to the interior of said hopper H, and extending over the entire area of the same near the upper surface of the cylinder, is a bottom or valve, h, to which is attached a lever, i, passing through the wall of the hopper, and upon which is mounted an adjustable weight, 1:, arranged to admit of being moved toward or from the hopper at will. The arrangement of this bottom or valve is such as to tip downward under the weight of the material in the hopper, so as to allow the material to pass into the cylinder when the valve is moved back to its normal position by the gravity of the weight t" after the material has passed ofl', thereby preventing the escape of the heated air from the cylinder. J J are feed-rollers, which are journaled to the end walls of the hopper H immediately above the valve h, and are so arranged as to admit of being moved toward or any suitable means. The rollers J J are fluted longitudinally, as shown in Fig. 4, and are so adjusted relative to each other as to cause the material in the hopper to pass between them, for the purpose of crushing any lumps or hard substance which may be in the material, and feed the material evenly upon the valve prior to passing into the dryingmylinder.

The drying-cylinder is arranged on an incline, as shown in Fig. 4, and is provided internally with a series of radial flanges, j, projecting inward from the shell, as shown in Fig. 5, so as to agitate the material as it is the material to move through the drying-cyL inder into cylinder G, and from which it is discharged upon the floor through the opening j in said cylinder G. K is an escape-pipe, communicating with the interior of the drying-cylinder through cylinder G, and through which the foul gases generated in the dryingcylinder are allowed to escape. K is a spiral gear mounted upon the drying-cylinder, and engages with a corresponding gear, L, on a horizontal shaft, which connects with any suit- M is a cylindrical revolving screen, mounted upon the horizontal shaft m, journaled to a suitable frame-work, M, located above the per located immediately under the screen M, and between it and the conducting-pipe, and communicates with the interior of said pipe through the discharge-opening n, as shown in Fig. 6. N is a cylindrical case inclosing the length of the re iv g caved bottom or j lower part of the form an air-space, n,}bctween its lower -face1t1id-the upperbsurfacc of thebottom the hopper, {as shown" in Figs. 6 and 7, s air-space comm, ,catin ioneiqend with dischargeopening d at the opp end with the interior the conducting through the opening n formed in said P is a worm-shaft journaled within the en of the receiviughopper, and is so adjusted to revolve Witillli" theconcave of theja R is a chain-wheel mounted upon the shaft screen M, and around which wheel passes chain-belt, 1', extending around the dryin cylinder, so as to impart Ia rotary moveme to said screen by the rotation of the cylind R is a like chain-wheel mounted on'the out end of the shaft of said screen, and around which wheel is passeda chain-belt, 1", whi passes around a chain-wheel, S, on the sh of the worm, so asto' impart a rotarymoti to the said worm by the rotation of the scree shaft. S is a hopper arranged withinthe of thescrecn-case, and communicates with p interior of the screen, and through which ho per the material is introduced into thescr O is a discharge-openingformed in the en the screen -case opposite,- the hopper, through which the materialtoo coarse to pa through the meshes of the screen is discharg from the case. f

Ordinarily, in treating a'nimalmatter or fertilizing purposes, the raw material, such as the refuse from slaughter-houses, is first dried in a heated cylinder until it becomes a fine pulpy mass, when it is removed from the cylinder and allowed to dry in theopen'a' This process leavesthe mass solid when dr and which must be pulverized before it c be used for fertilizing. purposesywhereamgby the use of my said] apparatus,the mass 1 in a powdered condition when driedxj i In using my said? apparatus, a sufficient quantity of fuelto produce 'the required he ducting-pipe E, p H passes from said) pe E into drying-cylinder F through pip In'theeventithat he volume of airw assing through'the termingles with,

ture of the heated 1r The pulpy mass a p ing-cylinder, as more introduced int the hopper H, and fro nee passesb the feed-rollers toan upon-the valve thence through cylinder G into and through the drying-cylinder F, and in contact with jets of heated air escaping from the pipe H, and by the rotation of said drying-cylinder the mass is kept in motion until nearly dry, when it is discharged from the drying-cylinder upon the floor through the opening j in cylinder G. The screen M and worm P being in motion, the material discharged from the drying-cylinder is introduced into the screen through hopper S, when the particles which are too coarse to fall through the meshes of the screen pass off through the opening 0, and the matel rial which passes through the screen falls into the receiving-hopper N, and by the rotation of the worm is forced from said hopper through the discharge-opening it, into the conductingpipe E, and in contact with the volume of heated air in said pipe, and is thereby forced through said pipe, thoroughly drying the material, and discharging it from the pipe in a powdered state ready for use. The coarser particles which have passed through opening 0 are again passed through the feed-rollers and properly crushed, when they pass into and through the drying-cylinder, as previously described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, .is--

- '1. In a drying apparatus for treating fertilizing material, the combination, with the drying-cylinder F, fan 0, and pipes E, H, and

:0, of the furnace A, provided with the firebox (1, chambers c and e, and passages e, and d, and ff, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

pipe E, hopper N, and worm P, of the revolving-screen M, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination, with the air-heating furnace A, fan 0, pipe 0, conducting-pipe E, and rotary drying-cylinder F, of the stationary hot-air pipe H, extending centrally through the drying-cylinder, and perforated to admit of the escape laterally of the jets of heated air, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a drying apparatus for treating fertilizing material, the combination, with the rotary drying-cylinder F, stationary chamber G, and hopper H, of the feed-rollers J J, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

'6. The combination, with the conductingpipe E and receiving-hopper N, of the concaved jacket P, forming the air-space n, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JOHN BONFIELD. Witnesses:

N. O. GRIDLEY, N. H. SHERBURNE. 

